Submissions

Author Guidelines

General Information

Bioenvironmental Modelling and Optimization (BEMO) welcomes original and high-quality research manuscripts that advance mathematical modelling, mathematical analysis, numerical investigation, and optimization in biological and environmental systems.

All submitted manuscripts must demonstrate scientific originality, mathematical rigor, methodological soundness, and a clear contribution to the existing literature.

The journal publishes two issues annually, in June and December. Manuscripts must be written in clear academic English and prepared in accordance with the following guidelines.

1. Scope of Submissions

BEMO considers manuscripts addressing:

• Mathematical model development, including deterministic, stochastic, nonlinear, delayed, and fractional-order models.

• Mathematical analysis of dynamical systems, including equilibrium, stability, bifurcation, periodic solutions, and long-term dynamics.

• Mathematical optimization and optimal control, including constrained optimization and optimal intervention strategies.

• Numerical and computational mathematical modelling, including numerical methods, simulation, parameter estimation, sensitivity analysis, and model validation.

Applications may include cancer dynamics, epidemiology, ecological interactions, population dynamics, environmental processes, and sustainable resource management.

Manuscripts focusing solely on descriptive biological or environmental observations, routine statistical analysis, or computational applications without substantive mathematical contributions are outside the journal's scope.

2. Types of Manuscripts

BEMO accepts the following article types:

Original Research Articles: Original studies presenting new mathematical models, analytical results, optimization approaches, or computational methods.

Review Articles: Critical and systematic syntheses of mathematical modelling research that identify theoretical developments, methodological limitations, and future research directions.

Methodological Articles: Contributions introducing or substantially improving mathematical, numerical, or optimization methods applicable to biological and environmental systems.

3. Manuscript Preparation

Manuscripts must be prepared in English using Microsoft Word or LaTeX. Authors are encouraged to use the official BEMO manuscript template when available.

The manuscript should contain:

1. Title

2. Abstract

3. Keywords

4. Introduction

5. Mathematical Model Formulation or Methodology

6. Mathematical Analysis

7. Numerical Results and Discussion

8. Conclusions

9. Acknowledgments (if applicable)

10. Funding Statement

11. Conflict of Interest Statement

12. Data Availability Statement

13. References

The structure may be adjusted according to the nature of the research, provided that the mathematical contribution and research findings are clearly presented.

4. Title, Abstract, and Keywords

Title: The title should be concise, informative, and accurately reflect the mathematical contribution.

Abstract: Provide a self-contained abstract of approximately 150–250 words describing the research problem, mathematical approach, principal findings, and significance of the results. References, undefined abbreviations, and unnecessary mathematical notation should be avoided.

Keywords: Provide 4–6 keywords reflecting the mathematical methods, theoretical concepts, and application domain.

5. Mathematical Formulation and Analysis

Mathematical models must be presented clearly and systematically.

Authors should:

• Define all variables, parameters, and assumptions.

• Explain the derivation or justification of the proposed model.

• State the mathematical properties and conditions required for the analysis.

• Present theorems, propositions, lemmas, and proofs when appropriate.

• Distinguish rigorously established results from numerical observations.

• Interpret mathematical findings in relation to the underlying biological or environmental system.

Claims concerning stability, bifurcation, convergence, optimality, and related mathematical properties must be supported by appropriate theoretical or numerical evidence.

6. Numerical Experiments and Reproducibility

Numerical studies should provide sufficient methodological information to support independent verification.

Authors should describe the numerical methods, parameter values, initial conditions, computational settings, and relevant software.

Where appropriate, manuscripts should include convergence assessments, sensitivity analysis, parameter justification, model calibration, validation, and uncertainty analysis.

Authors are encouraged to make supporting code and nonrestricted datasets available through suitable repositories.

7. Equations, Figures, and Tables

Mathematical equations must be clearly formatted and numbered consecutively when referenced in the text.

Figures and tables must be numbered, appropriately captioned, and cited in the manuscript.

Graphs should include clearly identified variables, axes, units where applicable, and legends.

All graphical materials must be sufficiently clear for publication.

8. References and Citations

BEMO uses a numbered reference system.

References should be numbered in the order of their first appearance in the manuscript and cited using square brackets, such as [1] or [2, 3].

All references must be accurate, complete, and relevant to the research.

Authors are encouraged to include DOI links where available.

Examples:

Journal article:

[1] A. Author and B. Author, "Title of the article," Journal Title, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 100–115, 2025. https://doi.org/xxxxx

Book:

[2] A. Author, Title of the Book. Publisher, 2024.

The examples above illustrate formatting only and are not actual bibliographic references.

9. Research Ethics and Originality

Submitted manuscripts must be original, unpublished, and not under consideration by another journal.

Plagiarism, fabricated or falsified results, inappropriate image manipulation, and other forms of research misconduct are prohibited.

All authors must have made substantial contributions to the research and approved the submitted manuscript.

Research involving human participants, identifiable health information, or animals must comply with applicable ethical and institutional requirements.

10. Artificial Intelligence Disclosure

Authors must disclose the use of generative artificial intelligence tools when such tools have materially contributed to manuscript preparation or research activities.

Authors remain fully responsible for the accuracy, originality, validity, and integrity of all submitted content.

Artificial intelligence tools must not be listed as authors.

Routine language editing that does not materially alter scientific content need not be described in detail unless required by the journal's separate AI policy.

11. Peer Review

BEMO adopts a double-anonymous peer-review process.

Authors should prepare an anonymized manuscript for review and provide identifying information separately.

The editorial team evaluates manuscripts for relevance, originality, mathematical rigor, methodological quality, and scientific contribution.

Publication decisions are based on editorial assessment and independent expert review.

12. Submission Procedure

Manuscripts must be submitted through the BEMO online submission system.

The corresponding author is responsible for ensuring that all manuscript files, author information, declarations, and submission metadata are complete and accurate.

Submissions that do not comply with these guidelines may be returned for technical revision before editorial evaluation.